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Synonymy
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Clonistria
Stål, 1875a,
Bihang Kongl Svenska Vet-Akad Handl, 2 (17): 6, 13.
[ Type species: Clonistria bartholomaea Stål, 1875 =
Clonistria linearis (Drury, 1773),
by original monotypy. ]
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Stål, 1875b,
Recensio Orthopterorum, pp 25, 80.
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Stål, 1875c,
Bihang Kongl Svenska Vet-Akad Handl, 3 (14):10.
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Brunner, 1893b,
Proc Zool Soc London, 1893: 605.
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Rehn, 1904,
Proc Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, 1904:60.
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Kirby, 1904c,
Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera, I: 351.
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Rehn, 1905a,
Ent News, XVI: 177.
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Redtenbacher, 1908,
Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden, pp 399, 403.
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Rehn, 1909,
Catalogue of the Orthoptera of Cuba, p 199.
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Shelford, 1908,
Biologia Centrali Americana. Insecta. Orthoptera, II: 355, 358.
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Caudell, 1922,
Univ Iowa Stud, Stud Nat Hist, X (1): 30.
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Rehn & Hebard, 1938,
Trans American Ent Soc, LXIV: 41.
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Bradley & Galil, 1977,
Proc Ent Soc Washington, 79 (2): 189.
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Cleonistria
Brues, Melander, & Carpenter, 1954,
Bull Mus Comp Zool, 108: 104.
[ Error. ]
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Description
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Body form very elongate, cylindrical; surface at most granulate.
Head elongate; vertex not swollen.
Antennae longer than the anterior legs; scape elongate, depressed; pedicel subcylindrical;
flagellomeres indistinct.
Compound eyes globular; ocelli absent.
Pronotum elongate, rectangular; defensive gland opening absent.
Prosternum trapezoidal, the lateral margins arcuate.
Meso- and metathorax elongate, cylindrical.
Median segment very variable in length, 0.3-1.6 times the length of the metanotum.
Abdomen elongate and slender, segment VIII of the male sometimes basally constricted and forming a closed ring,
segment IX a little longer than broad, lateral margins deflexed in the distal half, sometimes contiguous ventrally;
tergite X quadrate, the posterior margin generally rounded.
Vomer with a triangular base and a long hook-like tip; subgenital plated short,
scooplike or cup-shaped, apex truncate or rounded; genitalia with a single strong dorsal
sclerite, the upper valves fused into a cylindrical, membranous mass, dextral hook absent, ventral valves reduced.
Cerci short and curved in both sexes.
Abdominal segments II-VIII of the female elongate, IX usually subquadrate, X sometimes slightly transverse.
Supraanal plate small and triangular.
Sternite VII with an unmodified praeopercular organ; subgenital plate elongate, sometimes slightly exceeding the
end of the abdomen.
Legs of variable length, elongate and slender, the posterior femora reaching sometimes as far as the
apex of abdominal segment V.
Anterior femora basally strongly curved, the lower median carina displaced towards the anterior one;
middle and posterior femora having the lower median carina usually terminating in a V-shaped array of small spines.
Tibiae anareolate.
First hind tarsomere usually longer than the remaining articles taken together, dorsally finely sulcate.
Tegmina and wings absent.
Sexual dimorphism pronounced.
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Geographic distribution. Although two species are known from South America, one from Central America,
and one without certain locality, this genus is widespread in the Antilles with eight species.
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Systematic notes. This genus is most closely related to Bacteria Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1825, from which it differs in the sulcate
first hind tarsomere, the unarmed vertex of the head, the distally spinose lower median carina of the four posterior
femora, the nonfornicate subgenital plate of the male, and the relatively short subgenital plate of the female.
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Systematic position.
Superfamily Phasmatoidea | Family Bacteriidae |
Tribe Hesperophasmatini
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| 1. |
Males.
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| 1'. |
Females.
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| 2 (1). |
Abdominal tergite X rounded apically or only slightly produced medially.
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| 2'. |
Abdominal tergite X produced and emarginate apically.
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| 3 (2). |
Abdominal segment VIII not forming a closed ring basally; lateral margins of tergite IX
usually deflexed, but not contiguous ventrally.
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| 3'. |
Abdominal segment VIII constricted basally and forming a closed ring; lateral margins of
tergite IX deflexed and contiguous ventrally.
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| 4 (3). |
Subgenital plate with the apical margin concave or emarginate.
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| 4'. |
Subgenital plate with the apical margin convexly rounded.
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| 5 (4). |
Median segment longer than the metanotum.
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| 5'. |
Median segment shorter than the metanotum.
| C. latebricola Rehn & Hebard |
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| 6 (4'). |
Median segment longer than the metanotum.
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| 6'. |
Median segment much shorter than the metanotum.
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| 7 (6). |
Mesonotum laterally punctate; tergite IX laterally deflexed.
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| 7'. |
Mesonotum smooth; tergite IX not laterally deflexed.
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| 8 (1'). |
First anterior tarsomere with a foliaceous dorsal crest.
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| 8'. |
First anterior tarsomere sulcate dorsally.
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| 9 (8). |
Abdominal tergite X apically emarginate; supraanal plate visible; subgenital plate not
reaching to the end of the abdomen.
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| 9'. |
Abdominal tergite X truncate apically; supraanal plate hidden; subgenital plate slightly
exceeding the end of the abdomen.
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| 10 (9). |
Mesonotum rugose anteriorly; median segment more than 1.4 times as long as the metanotum;
abdominal segment II more than twice as long as broad.
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| 10'. |
Mesonotum granulate; median segment less than 1.4 times as long as the metanotum;
abdominal segment II less than twice as long as broad.
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| 11 (8'). |
Anterior femora considerably longer than the posterior femora; abdominal tergite IV normal.
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| 11'. |
Anterior femora not longer than the posterior femora; abdominal tergite IV strumose medially.
| C. modesta (Redtenbacher) |
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| 12 (11). |
Abdominal segment II more than 1.5 times as long as its basal width; tergite X emarginate apically;
supraanal plate visible; subgenital plate reaching to or slightly exceeding the end of the abdomen.
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| 12'. |
Abdominal segment II less than 1.5 times as long as its basal width; tergite X truncate apically;
supraanal plate hidden; subgenital plate not reaching the end of the abdomen.
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| 13 (12). |
Mesonotum smooth; median segment at least slightly shorter than the metanotum.
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| 13'. |
Mesonotum tuberculate; median segment slightly longer than the metanotum.
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| 14 (13). |
Lateral margins of the pronotum constricted just behind the apex; length of the adult greater
than 90 mm.
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| 14'. |
Lateral margins of the pronotum expanding to the coxae; length of the adult less than 90 mm.
| C. latebricola Rehn & Hebard |
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| 15 (14). |
Median segment not less than 0.6 times the length of the metanotum.
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| 15'. |
Median segment less than 0.5 times the length of the metanotum.
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